These are families of people who have moved out of Zone II to live near their place of work. This is the zone of old residential buildings occupied by stable social groups of working class families. Zone III is the third ring made up of the houses of ‘working-men’s homes’. Some of the parts of this zone are likely to be found in the city’s slums or areas of poverty and crime. In this zone rotten business and light manufacturing from Zone I have encroached upon residential areas. The transition area is occupied by immigrants and infested by ‘vices’. It is a zone of residential deterioration of older private houses consisting of largely subdivided dwelling units. Zone II is the ‘zone in transition’ surrounding the CBD. (ii) The wholesale business district encircling the downtown. CBD is also the focus of transportation. These zones begin with Zone I as Central Business District (CBD), the focus of the city’s social, commercial and civic life. The model therefore is also known as concentric zonal model.Īccording to Burgess, the American city should take the form of five zones.
![lumion 4 urban model lumion 4 urban model](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e0d4fc649e78b3f96410668/1579177468748-UL65X0FC5OZA0LIBJGAZ/Final_Exterior-Elevation-South.jpg)
#LUMION 4 URBAN MODEL SERIES#
The idea behind the concentric model is that the development of a city takes place outwards from its central area in a series of concentric circles to form zones. The concentric model was devised in 1923 by E.W. They are known as models of city structure or theories explaining urban morphology. The commonly referred patterns are concentric, sectoral and the multiple nuclei. It is true to a large extent that each city possesses a unique combination of various use of land, but to some degree a common pattern is visible. The forces underlying the pattern of land use, process of urban growth and accessibility within and outward of a city can be generalized by means of a number of theories. Walter Firey’s Criticism of Hoyt’s Theory 4. The four theoretical explanations of morphological pattern of a city are as follows: 1.